in the UK obesity is a bigger killer
在英国，肥胖是
than smoking and almost 2third of us are
比吸烟更可怕的杀手，几乎三分之一的人被
classed as overweight or obese all of
归类为超重或肥胖，所有
this costs the NHS 62 billion pounds per
这些每年花费 NHS 620 亿英镑，
year and that's only set to
而且这个数字只会继续
rise so if these drugs are a silver
上升，所以如果这些药物是
bullet for weight loss they could save
减肥的灵丹妙药，那么 可以节省
money and lives there is a lot of hype
金钱和生命，
and excitement in the scientific
科学
Community around these drugs because
界对这些药物大肆宣传，兴奋不已，因为
we've had so few Tools in our Arsenal to
treat people who suffer from obesity or
who are overweight up until now so what
到目前为止，我们用于治疗肥胖症或超重患者的工具非常有限，那么
are these drugs then and how do they
这些药物是什么呢 那么它们是如何
work it's complicated but in the UK
起作用的呢？这很复杂，但在英国，
there are two of these drugs that are
有两种药物可
prescribed on and off label for weight
用于
loss the first is liraglutide branded
减肥，第一种是利拉鲁肽，品牌是
sax sender the other is semaglutide
sax sender，另一种是 AIC 中的索马鲁肽，
found in
AIC semaglutide is also the active
索马鲁肽也是
ingredient in Wego V which was launched
Wego 中的活性成分 V
in the UK in September
于 9 月在英国推出，
all of these Jabs work by mimicking a
所有这些疫苗都通过模仿一种
hormone called
名为
glp1 I've come to Cambridge to see
glp1 的激素起作用，我来到剑桥拜访
geneticist professor Charles yo who can
遗传学家查尔斯教授，他可以
explain exactly what that means so you
准确解释这意味着什么，所以你
eat food goes into your small intestine
吃的食物会进入你的小肠
and then hormones including gp1 are then
然后激素（包括 gp1）就会
released okay now then two things happen
被释放，现在有两件事发生，
Okay the first is that glp1 signals goes
首先是 glp1 信号
to the pancreas to enhance insulin
传到胰腺，增强胰岛素
secretion so it keep our blood sugar
分泌，这样就可以保持我们的血糖
levels stable GP 1's other role is to
水平稳定，GP 1 的另一个作用是
signal to the brain to let you know how
向大脑发出信号，让你 知道
much you've eaten and what you've eaten
你吃了多少，吃了什么，
okay it makes you feel Fuller a problem
这会让你感觉更饱，
with gp1 is that when it gets released
gp1 的一个问题是，当它被释放到
into the blood it gets chopped up very
血液中时，它会很快被切碎，
quickly minutes this get it gets
几分钟后它就会被
destroyed okay the drug companies have
破坏，好的，制药公司已经
modified the hormones so that they stay
修改了 激素，这样它们
in the blood for longer okay so
在血液中停留的时间就会更长，所以
signaling to the brain that I'm full you
向大脑发出信号，我吃饱了，你
feel full you eat less you eat less you
感觉饱了，你吃得少了，你吃得少了，你
lose weight people think that obesity is
减肥了，人们认为肥胖是
a choice people think it's a it's it's a
一种选择，人们认为这是一种
result of bad habits I think
结果 坏习惯我认为
increasingly people many people within
越来越多的人，包括我自己在内的许多人都将
the field myself included are
considering obesity as a disease it is
肥胖视为一种疾病，
so fascinating to hear a geneticist
听到遗传学家将
describing obesity as a disease and you
肥胖描述为一种疾病真是令人着迷，你
can feel his excitement about these new
可以感受到他对这些新型
weight loss drugs and their potential to
减肥药及其
transform lives it's clearly a
改变生活的潜力的兴奋 这显然是一个
breakthrough Studies have shown that
突破研究表明，
these Jabs can help reduce body weight
这些疫苗可以帮助减轻体重
by up to 15% in just over a year but
高达 一年多一点的时间里就增长了 15%，但是
what could this drug do for someone like
这种药物对我这样的人
me or anyone else that is an obese but
或者其他肥胖的人有什么用呢？他们
just wants to lose a bit of weight fast
只是想快速减掉一点体重，
we've seen uh a dramatic increase in
我们已经看到私人处方的急剧增加。
private prescriptions coming through
there is a cohort of the population who
really want to take it who are otherwise
真正想要服用这种药物的人群，他们身体
fitting well who just wants to shed a
状况良好，只是想减掉
few pounds so they'll see something on
几磅体重，所以他们会在 Tik Tok 上看到一些东西，
say Tik Tok and they'll want it and
他们会想要它，
they'll want to go to an online pharmacy
他们会想去网上药店
and just be able to get it through the
而且只能通过邮寄获得，
post it shouldn't be so accessible just
不应该让
to anybody the scary issue is that if
任何人都能获得，可怕的是，如果
this falls into the wrong hands we have
疫苗落入坏人之手，我们就会
got a major crisis on our
面临重大危机，
hands by giving the Jabs to people who
因为我们要把疫苗给那些
don't really need them private clinics
没有疫苗的人。 真的不需要它们私人诊所
and pharmacies have helped to create a
和药房已经帮助造成了
global
全球
shortage and for people living with type
短缺，对于患有
2 diabetes who rely on drugs like a zic
2 型糖尿病的人来说，他们依赖像 zic 这样的药物
to survive that's a
来生存，这是一个
problem I was with the injection for a
问题，我注射了很
short period of time which to have a
短的一段时间，
break in that mess with my blood sugar
打破血糖控制的混乱局面，
control I have patients that are annoyed
我有病人很恼火，
where I can't get their prescription
因为我不能
fulfilled they don't really understand
他们不明白
why people are taking their diabetic
为什么人们要服用糖尿病
medication and using it for something
药物并将其用于
else people have reported losing as much
其他用途，有人报告说，
as 10 Stone on these Jabs but at what
注射这些药物后体重减轻了 10 英石，但价格是多少，
price
up to 45% of people report experiencing
多达 45% 的人报告说经历了
unpleasant side effects on these drugs
不愉快的副作用
for most these are temporary but I want
对于大多数人来说，这些药物都是暂时的，但我想
to find out for myself just how bad they
亲自了解它们到底有多糟糕，
can be the worst side effect was the
最严重的副作用是
acid reflux it just feels like there's a
胃酸反流，感觉就像
little Fireball in your throat all the
喉咙里一直有小火球，
time that's awful yeah and I thought
这太可怕了，是的，我想
this is not worth it yeah and when you
这是不值得的，是的，当你
look at what you've put your body
看到你
through to shift 12 lbs as a nurse how
作为一名护士为了减掉 12 磅体重所付出的努力时，
does that make you feel I look at I look
你会有什么感觉？我看看
at myself and I think if I was my
我自己，我想如果我是我的
patient what would I say to myself I
病人，我会怎么做 对自己说，我
would have said that was dangerous so
会说这很危险，所以
I'm just having a look on the
我只是在
saxenda.com
saxenda.com
webbsite serious side effects may happen
网站上查看，可能会出现严重的副作用，
including possible thyroid tumors
包括可能的甲状腺肿瘤，
including cancer pancreatitis which is
包括癌症，胰腺炎，即
inflammation of the pancreas Gore
胰腺炎症，
bladder problems increased heart rate
膀胱问题，心率加快，
kidney failure and then at the end the
肾衰竭 最后是
side effects may be depression or
副作用 可能是抑郁或有
thoughts of suicide all of this is a
自杀的念头，所有这些都
whole lot more than just feeling a bit
不仅仅是感觉有点
sick there are risks in taking this type
不舒服，服用这类
of medication that people should be
药物是有风险的，人们应该
aware of all of these risks should be
意识到，
taken into account when a patient
当病人
actually decides whether they want to
真正决定服用药物时，应该考虑到所有这些风险 无论他们是否愿意
take the drug this is very new and we
服用这种药物，这都是非常新的，我们
don't know the full long-term
不知道它对
consequences quite of what it's doing to
our body there's no doubt that these
我们的身体造成的长期后果，毫无疑问，这些
weight loss Jabs can transform the lives
减肥针可以改变
of people struggling with obesity but
肥胖患者的生活，但
that can only be done with the right
只有通过正确的
care and support and most importantly
护理和支持才能做到这一点，最重要的是，
it's crucial that they're not used and
不要让
abused by those who don't need them
那些不需要它们的人滥用它们，
people are putting their health and
人们为了失去一些生命而将自己的健康甚至
potentially their lives at risk just for
生命置于危险之中
the sake of losing a few pounds and
英镑，而且
there doesn't seem to be any system in
似乎没有任何系统可以
place at all to stop
阻止
them
他们